The landscape had changed, with rivers being created and destroyed and even the very hills themselves shifting. Though Morgoth was eventually defeated and the slaves were freed, the land had essentially been destroyed by the war. During the War of Wrath, which was Morgoth's attack on the land of Beleriand during his quest for power, he enslaved many of the Elves and Men of Beleriand in the pits of Angband. The area was surrounded by the Belegaer Sea to the West and South, and the Blue Mountains were to the East (and are the only part of the region that remain by the Third Age). Beleriandīeleriand was a region in the Northwest of Middle-earth during the First Age. Tolkien identified that Hobbits were an offshoot of the race of Men, and though the exact origins and history are unclear, they first settled in the Vales of Anduin in the early part of the Third Age before migrating over the Misty Mountains and settling in the Shire. Then, eventually, the children of Ilúvatar arrived when they were created and awoken by Ilúvatar, and Dwarves were made by the Vala Aulë. There were good Maiar - the five wizards - as well as evil ones, which were Balrogs and Sauron himself. Middle-earth was home to various kinds of people all throughout its history, beginning with the Ainur and Maiar. In the early days of its existence, Middle-earth was covered by a giant forest from the western shores to beyond the Misty Mountains, however it started to dwindle over time and now exists only in the forms of the Old Forest, Fangorn Forest, Lothlórien, and Eryn Vorn. Some of the most dominant features of Middle-earth are the mountain ranges, which separate the land into its different regions, and also separate Middle-earth from Beleriand. It is the the area where the stories of Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit take place, and it is the location that fans are generally the most familiar with. Middle-earthĪs previously mentioned, Middle-earth was one of the lands that made up the world of Arda. Aman became inaccessible except by the Straight Way, which is the path the Elves take from the Grey Havens into the West (and also where Frodo was allowed to travel at the end of his journey). One of the most notable was the sinking of Númenor, during which the world was stretched into a spherical shape. During the war, the Valar broke and reshaped much of the world, with some of it falling into the sea and other land masses being split. Middle-earth was joined to Aman in the Northwest by the Helcaraxë, a cold, icy region. Aman was the biggest continent, and it lay in the West, and Middle-earth was to the East. Originally, Arda was flat, and the continents were surrounded by Ekkaia, the Encircling Sea. This resulted in the First War, which marred Arda and changed the plan for its layout. The Valar came up with the geography of Arda and gave it form, until Melkor decided he wanted Arda for himself and tried to fight them for it. Arda was created using the Music of the Ainur, as a way to create a home for the Children of Ilúvatar (the races of Elves and Men). The term Arda simply refers to the world as a whole, the way that we call the planet we inhabit "Earth". RELATED: LOTR: Questions About Middle-Earth That Tolkien Never Answered Arda So what are the differences between these places, and how are they important to Tolkien's world? Middle-earth, Arda, and Beleriand are all terms that are used when referring to the world Tolkien created, but they all mean different things and may be dependent on what time period is being discussed. One of the more confusing elements is differentiating between the different names for the lands in Tolkien's work, and how the world as a whole is established. The lore goes deep enough that there is a whole mythology surrounding the creation of the world and the extended history of Middle-earth, and because it is secondary to the story, often only the most die-hard fans even know about it. The world Tolkien created is so detailed that there are many places that the story never even visits, but they are still important to the world at large. The lore surrounding The Lord of the Rings is so expansive that it can sometimes be difficult to keep up with.
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